Assessment of Ecosystem Services: Spatio-Temporal Analysis and the Spatial Response of Influencing Factors in Hainan Province

The impact of human activities on ecosystems is receiving increasing attention because their mechanisms action are complex; the spatial response ecosystem service drivers still needs to be explored further. This study evaluated three services—water yield, soil conservation, and carbon storage—in Hainan Province from 2000 2020; we analyzed temporal changes services, heterogeneity influencing factors. results were as follows: (1) average water conservation storage 2020 42.36 billion, 8.01×108 t 1.52 × 107 t, respectively. Overall, services relatively weak at lower elevations. (2) There obvious hot spots cold in yield spot distribution was not obvious. (3) differences between for different land use types; trade-off relationships only appeared unused services. (4) precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index elevation factors had great impacts Most activity showed a significant nonlinear enhancement effect during interaction. Population differentiation effects